Abbrev mode expands abbreviations as you type them. To turn it on in a specific buffer, use M-x abbrev-mode. To turn it on in every buffer by default, put this in your init file (see How do I set up an init file properly?):
(setq-default abbrev-mode t)
To turn it on in a specific mode, use:
(add-hook 'mymode-mode-hook (lambda () (setq abbrev-mode t)))